Symptoms exhibited by livestock that are not in good health, and factors are affecting these symptoms. Mechanisms of disease establishment, spread, prevention and management. Use of online resources to manage animal disease conditions. Common and emerging livestock diseases in Zimbabwe and the region. Importance of animal welfare in production and marketing. Humane handling of animal as a critical input in pricing. Organic 2021 farming. Antimicrobial use to prevent resistance (AMR). The role of wildlife and humans in disease dynamics. Local, regional and international animal health legislation. Ethics in the field of animal health and production.